average profit per acre of corn in iowa

Pasture cash rental rates can be found in Iowa State University's "Cash Rental Rates for Iowa 2021 Survey." 2021 rental rates for improved permanent pasture range from $69-$98 per acre per year, depending on your district. Member. In northern Illinois, cash rents are projected to increase from $296 per acre up to $301 per acre. In an average year, Iowa produces more corn than most countries. Want more news on this topic? <>>> Answer (1 of 4): The answer varies from farm to farm, field to field and year to year. endstream endobj 5553 0 obj <>/Metadata 97 0 R/Names 5580 0 R/Outlines 114 0 R/Pages 5548 0 R/StructTreeRoot 118 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 5554 0 obj <. 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Create fishing lakes or ponds for local fisherman or groups to rent. In a year with low-corn-price predictions, every input must be reviewed to lower the cost of production. It's important to note that there was only 200 acres was family land that was purchased, at a slight discount to appraised value. Obviously, risks of lower returns exist. Farmer returns are projected to be lower for 2023, as is illustrated in Figure 2, which shows farmer returns for central Illinois farmland with high productivity farmland. Corn Following Corn 167 bushels per acre 185 bushels per acre 204 bushels per acre Your Fixed Variable Fixed Variable Fixed Variable Estimate Preharvest Machinery 1/ $28.30 $27.10 $ Seed, Chemical, etc. For soybeans, the yield is pegged at 55 bushels an acre with an average selling price of $8.20 per bushel. On rented farms, only operator income and expenses were recorded. _. Nearly 30,000 kernels of corn are planted per planted acre, and corn yields can be close to 200 bushels per acre in a good year on high CSR land. 0 Answer (1 of 3): "Total Cost Analysis" for farmed products is tricky do you factor in the land costs (maybe $10,000 per acre for corn fields in production)? Use the 68-95-99.7 Rule (Empirical Rule) to answer the following questions. In 2023, total costs are projected at $1,161 per acre, up from the $1,054 level in 2022. Profits from soybean production would exceed $110 per acre. Be ready for a big profit swing for 2023 to the downside. For soybeans, he estimates smaller federal payments of $32 an acre. The technology trend causes an upward slope of yield over time. Variable costs decreased $10 per acre or 2 percent, other nonland costs decreases $14 per acre, and land costs increased $4 per . The lower projected profits in 2023 result from much higher costs and projected lower commodity prices than 2021 and 2022. Dec 9, 2014. it gets. All these serve to influence what a farmer can make from an acre of corn. How can I make money with 10 acres? Is this correct? It will take nearly all of that to reach Johnsons projected net return to the farmer of $86.60 an acre for corn. All Rights Reserved. Knowing costs is key, as it is to understand the assumptions behind the budgets used in the calculations. Nitrogen price is projected stable at $.34 per pound in 2021, but total nitrogen costs are projected to go up by 6 to 11% reflecting the higher application rates recommended by the ISU Corn Nitrogen Rate Calculator. If you're making 1000/acre +, you need to keep very quiet about it, otherwise peeps will jump on the bandwagon and wreck the job for everyone, as has happened with organic veg/free range chickens etc. Over time, corn yields have increased an average of 2.0 bushels per acre, while soybean yields have increased by .5 bushels per acre. Special Tabulations and Restricted Microdata, 02/15/23 Still time to respond to the 2022 Census of Agriculture, USDA to follow up with producers who have not yet responded, 02/15/23 Still time to respond to the 2022 Puerto Rico Census of Agriculture, USDA to follow-up with producers who have not yet responded (Puerto Rico - English), 01/31/23 United States cattle inventory down 3%, 01/30/23 2022 Census of Agriculture due next week Feb. 6, 01/12/23 Corn and soybean production down in 2022, USDA reports For central Illinois high-productivity farmland, we are projecting an average return of $25 per acre for a corn-soybean rotation, Schnitkey says. Average cost per bushel has been between $1.25 and $1.95 in the cash corn division and $1.13 and $1.81 in the livestock corn division. of Science and Technology Higher yield ratios indicate that corn is relatively more productive than soybeans, and vice versa. For soybeans, with $621 in income, total direct costs are $485. The latest issue of the ISU Extension and Outreach, Estimated Costs of Crop Production, reports average cost estimates for Iowa farms in 2021, and provides guidelines to help farmers calculate their own costs of production. Opportunities to price at those levels do not exist currently. Producers must have a strong grasp of their own production costs, and the ISU Extension report provides a step-by-step guide to help them estimate break-even costs, and serves to benchmark operations and trigger relevant questions on how to better manage enterprise costs. Additionally, there seems to be reactionary trend for costs to prices the year before. The 1964 Iowa corn yield test The average corn yield per acre has doubled during the last forty years. Price = $5.00/bushel 2. Given higher costs, break-even levels will be much higher. For corn, land costs account for about one-third of total costs of production (Figure 2). Projected prices are $5.30 per bushel for corn and $12.70 for soybeans, near current 2023 fall bids. Corn yields were maximized near a final stand of 33,000 plants per acre and were not reduced as plant population increased to 44,000 plants per acre. Ames, IA 50011-1054. Operator landowners on fully paid land will have much lower accounting costs, since the cash rent used in the report will only be an opportunity cost and not a cash cost (as it is for tenants). Friday, an Iowa State University (ISU) farm management specialist told landowners that all of any profits farmers earn this year on corn will be due to those payments and that even with federal help, soybeans will lose an average of $15 an acre. Machinery cost per crop acre - total of machinery repairs, fuel, custom machine hire, utilities, machinery depreciation and auto expense, less 75% of all custom hire income received, divided by crop acres. All rights reserved. Current futures prices seem to indicate that corn and soybean prices might average $4.45 and $11.40 per bushel in 2021-22, respectively. Overall, costs have increased dramatically since 2020, from $577 to $860, an increase of $283 per acre, or a 49% increase. Sell local honey at farmers markets. Inventory value gain or loss - change in value of crops or livestock sold due to differences in opening inventory price and final sale price. Winter is a great time for farm operators to concentrate on calculating their own costs of crop production, not only because they have more control over costs than crop prices, but also because knowing their break-even prices might ease the struggle to lock-in profits before harvest time. The average yield in their database is 60 bushels (beans) and 204 bushels (corn). The United States produced 14.2 billion bushels of corn in 2019. Since 2013, soybeans have been more profitable than corn, albeit at much lower levels. It doesn't appear that farmland prices are slowing down anytime soon either with the steady increase in prices as seen in the graph above. Variable cost per acre peaked in 2013 at $462 per acre ($2.83 per bushel), and is projected to be $408 per acre ($2.27 per bushel) in 2021. The publication also includes budgets for alfalfa hay establishment with an oat companion crop and by direct seeding. The Census Data Query Tool (CDQT) is a web based tool that is available to access and download table level data from the Census of Agriculture Volume 1 publication. To continue using this site and its features, you will need to use a newer browser. In this optimistic scenario, corn production would generate profits north of $95 per acre in a continuous corn rotation, and above $200 per acre following soybeans. The season average price for corn, projected in USDAs most recent supply and demand estimates, is $3.20, well below the $3.70 reference price that triggers PLC payments. The total cost per bushel of soybeans is projected at $9.04 for non-herbicide-tolerant beans at 56 bushels per acre, according to the report. And those optimum populations increased yield of marketable ears by an average of 0.53 tons per acre. 4 0 obj Non-land costs are projected to be higher in 2023 than in 2022, as is illustrated for corn grown in northern Illinois in Figure 1. #18. Depreciation is estimated at 10% of current value of the machinery. Total costs equal non-land costs and land costs. The projected season-average farm price is unchanged at $4.00 per bushel. However, the only certainty about future prices is that they will continue to change until their expiration date, and they could plummet as fast as they rallied. The top portion of each table shows income. State Averages Total costs to produce corn for all combined areas of the state were $868 per acre. Are you getting any. Given higher costs, break-even levels for northern Illinois for corn are $5.34 per bushel on cash rented land. The next portion of each table shows expenses on a per acre basis. How Much Profit Per Acre of Corn Can a Farmer Make Yearly? The most profitable farm made $275 per acre while the least profitable lost $222 per acre. The most profitable farm made $275 per acre while the least profitable lost $222 per acre. Iowa ranked first in corn production in 2020 despite both drought and damaging derecho occurring during the season. From 2000 to 2012, farmer returns averaged $148 per acre for corn and $95 per acre for soybeans. In this optimistic scenario, corn production would generate profits north of $95 per acre in a continuous corn rotation, and above $200 per acre following soybeans. 14 percent or 2.065 billion bushels of Iowa corn was exported out of the state in the 2018/19 marketing year. Area harvested for grain is estimated Corn for silage production is estimated at 5.33 million tons, down 33% from 2019. The 2023 crop budgets are based on projected input cost levels, trendline corn and soybean yields and per-bushel prices of $5.30 for corn and $12.75 for soybeans. A decline in commodity price likely would not be associated with similar decreases in cost levels, reducing already narrow margins. I do think were going to see more interest in flex rents, Johnson said. Current futures prices seem to indicate that corn and soybean prices might average $4.45 and $11.40 per bushel in 2021/22, respectively. If theyre paying average cash rent, theyre not making any money, Johnson said of his outlook for soybeans. Reference yields for corn and soybean budgets in the annual Iowa State University Extension and Outreach report reflect 30-year trend yields. How to Write a Community Garden Business Plan [Sample Template], 10 Best Agricultural Crops That are Most Profitable Per Acre, How to Write a Hemp Processing Plant Business Plan [Sample Template], How to Start a Cut Flower Business in 19 Steps, How to Start a Tea Farm Sample Business Plan Template, How to Start a Peanut Farm Sample Business Plan Template, How to Start a Cucumber Farm Sample Business Plan Template, How to Start a Plantain Farm Sample Business Plan Template, How to Start a Sunflower Farm Sample Business Plan Template, How to Start an Avocado Pear Farm Sample Business Plan Template. According to Iowa State it takes about 1.25 gallons of diesel fuel to cut, rake and bale per acre. In 2019/2020, Iowa corn growers grew an average of 178 bushels per acre. Corn costs were much smoother than prices. To see all exchange delays and terms of use, please see https://www.barchart.com/solutions/terms. But farmers also must maintain a production level that will result in profitable returns. of Science and Technology While 2023 is projected to be profitable, risks exist. Iowa produced almost 500 times more corn than Utah, which ranks #41 in US corn production by state. While projected returns may not justify an increase in cash rent, relatively high profitability in recent years and continuing high commodity prices likely lead to cash rent increases. As shown in Table 2, most costs are projected to increase. Several notes concerning the budgets shown in Table 1 are: Farmer returns represent the amount remaining for the farmer after paying all financial costs, with a land charge at the average projected cash rent. A bit of luck here. U.S. farmland values remained high in 2020, averaging $3,160 per acre, a small decrease of 0.8 percent compared with 2019. The break-even soybean price is $12.54. {\U{f~uoos;h?zYQ HUoTn>'?{GYHY S|DB?QBZ?Bj+W?=}(]'+?L p?8Pv' B5UFWVTM}UJ9{QGQ4tOygp9 z,OloloKOlfo+V} \f>8t&^U `H198R00t(0TM Up!X ['SMezWgop%B R 1&[UMSi4!k Zm]4#7{qmS7v;lW->b.%I zv9 Because of industrial, seed, planting, and other kinds of modifications, what used to take days to plant can now be done in minutes. Iowa State University Do you want to know how much money corn farming businesses make yearly? All rights reserved. Sac county had the largest year-over-year increase of 5.8 bushels per acre while Plymouth County saw the largest decrease of . endobj There has been an upward trend in the At a Farmland Owners Update webinar, Johnson said he estimates that Iowa farmers, on average, will receive about $95 an acre in federal payments for the 2020 corn crop. When using the ISU cost of production estimates for 2021, keep several things in mind. More details on 2023 budgets are available in the management section of farmdoc through two documents: Schnitkey, G. and K. Swanson. Section 207(f)(2) of the E-Government Act of 2002 requires federal agencies to develop an inventory of information to be published on their Web sites, establish a schedule for publishing information, make those schedules available for public comment, and post the schedules and priorities on the Web site. Schnitkey, G. and K. Swanson. By comparing our estimate to the USDA's data on the average rental price per acre in Kane County, we can see that this rent would be 29 percent higher than the average rent in this county. For soybeans, he estimates smaller federal payments of $32 an acre. In the livestock corn division, the average cost per acre is $206 (minimum = $186 during 1993; maximum = $235 during 1987). Other than 160 acres purchased this year, he aquired this land 10+ years ago at an average land cost under $2,000/acre. How many farmers know what their inputs are, let alone their costs per acre or per bushel? In 2019, Iowa farmers produced around 2.58 billion bushels of corn for grain and harvested 13.1 million acres according to the U.S. Department of Agricultural Statistics Service. Sign-up for either ARC or PLC for 2020 is still underway until June 30 but most farmers have already opted for PLC for corn base acres and likely ARC-CO on soybeans. The state average soybean yield was 58.5 bushels per acre, down 4.5 bushels from 63.0 bushels per acre last year. The 2022 projected costs exceed 2021 cost of $652 per acre by $124 per acre. And in some years, growing corn may not be the best option. Corn: 13 cents per bushel in charge; then 4 cents per month prorated daily through August 31, 2023. Average four-crop gross income per acre = approximately $790 per acre . Average costs per bushel have been $1.26 to $1.74 in the cash grain division, and $1.13 to $1.81 in the dairy and livestock division. corn and 59 bu. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 18 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Interest is not included. To answer you have to make a lot of assumptions. Those break-even prices are above average prices received from 2014 to 2019 ($3.66 per bushel for corn and $9.69 for soybeans). A lot more money is coming from the government than probably any time in the last 20 years, says Steve Johnson, a farm and ag business management specialist with ISU. It allows you to customize your query by commodity, location, or time period. Seriously, Iowa grows about three times as much corn as a country like Mexico. Whole Farm > Costs & Returns > Record Summaries. If another $101 is used for indirect costs, that leaves the farmer with $48 profit per acre. Livestock returns per $100 feed fed - value of livestock production minus livestock purchases, divided by value of feed fed, multiplied by 100. Cost of production estimates for herbicide tolerant soybeans amount to $9.16, $8.94 and $8.74 per bushel for target yields of 50, 56, and 62 bushels per acre, respectively. At 160 bushels per acre, it is $4.03. The state average is 1,000 to 1,200 dozen per acre or 200 to 240 crates . The farmdoc daily website falls under University of Illinois copyright and intellectual property rights. By Bob Steenson, bsteenson@charlescitypress.com The northeast corner of the state had the highest average yield in corn and soybeans last year, although Floyd County fell just short of the top tier in both categories. Non-land costs for 2019 are projected at $369 per acre, an increase of $15 per acre over 2018 costs. . Learn more. Learn . corn takes the worst figure in the study to the third best at $144 per acre profit . Lavender farming can produce above-average profits for small growers, as it is such a versatile crop. From 2014 to 2018, farmer returns averaged -$30 per acre for corn and $64 per acre for soybeans. It is important to mention that although there are clear profits and losses, this does not sum up the complete profitability of a corn or soybean farmer. At 180 bushels per acre it is $3.58 per bushel. Soybeans could trigger a $10-per-acre PLC or ARC-CO payment and CFAP would bring another $12 an acre. Iowa has led the Nation in corn production for the last 27 consecutive years and 42 of the last 43 years. The average corn profit since 1968 has been $0.05/bu, however in the last 5 years the cost to price margin was, on average, -$0.05/bu, if this average is extended to 10 years the average corn profit per bushel is $0.49/bu. 1 0 obj The Census Data Query Tool (CDQT) is a web based tool that is available to access and download table level data from the Census of Agriculture Volume 1 publication. Soybeans are projected to be more profitable in all regions of Illinois (see Table 1). Soybeans: 14 cents per bushel The base rate bushels increased in 2020 for wheat harvesting compared to that reported in 2018. For related content and insights from industry experts, sign up for Successful Farming newsletters. Thats exactly what we want all farmers doing to estimate their own costs of production! Current futures prices seem to indicate that corn and soybean prices might average $4.45 and $11.40 per bushel in 2021/22, respectively. However, futures prices are currently reflecting a market reaction to unexpected USDA production and stocks figures, and they could retrench fast once the market reassess the real impact of the new information. Those yields are the same as Iowas 2019 average yields and prices are national average cash prices released by USDA in the June 11 supply and demand report. Gourmet mushrooms. This is a record yield and up substantially from 2020's average yield of 177 bushels per acre. It is difficult to predict corn-production economics. For 2021, Purdue's Crop Cost and Return Guide suggests and expected corn yield of 180 bushels per acre for rotation corn on average quality farmland. The Quick Stats Database is the most comprehensive tool for accessing agricultural data published by NASS. However, a grower generally has more control over the cost of production than price. Ways to Make Money Off Your Land Almost Immediately Rent plots to groups looking to build a community garden. This helped in seeking the demand of people more than the previous 40 years. 3 0 obj If YES, here is an analysis of the income & profit margin corn farmers make per acre. That is much lower than the return in 2021 when we had a record $413 per acre, and it is also above 2022 projections for returns of $156 per acre.. While commodity prices are projected lower, those prices still are not low by historical standards. Required fields are marked *. For corn following soybeans, the following targets were used to figure the gross revenue estimate of slightly more than $600 per acre for a farmer who has 50% crop loss. Yields are set at trend levels for 2023, with trends established through historical yields. Yield multiplied by price equals the total production return per acre. Click Image to Enlarge Changing Use Impacts Corn and Soybean Returns holding off on buying and working with what I have. The tables are calculated on a per acre basis. In northern Illinois, for example, corn is projected to have a -$11 per acre return, while soybeans are projected to have an $11 return, a difference of $22 per acre. 5578 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8A85A9343CE4BC4388299899869A550C>]/Index[5552 47]/Info 5551 0 R/Length 121/Prev 259394/Root 5553 0 R/Size 5599/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream So any change requires processor buy-in. Net farm income, cash - total sales and other cash income minus cash expenses, including purchases of livestock and feed. An analysis of state average corn yield history data provided by the USDA NASS indicates there are two causes of corn yield (in bushel per acre) variations at the regional level in the United States. You list seed costs as the same for corn after corn rotation as corn after soybeans. Costs are projected to increase in 2023 from 2022 levels. Illinois Crop Budgets, 2023. Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, August 2, 2022. However, it is great that you are reviewing the budget line by line and adjusting our state average estimates to reflect the specifics of your operation. At the farm level, the study predicts it could mean over $40,000 per acre in revenue, depending on quality and yield. M. Corn seed costs have increased 74% since the inception of the contest in 1987. In 2023, total costs are projected at $1,161 per acre, up from the $1,054 level in. The 2023 farmer return is projected to be close to the average from 2013 to 2019 when the return averaged $29 per acre. This early in the season, Johnsons estimates are estimates, of course. In northern Illinois, cash rents are projected to increase from $296 per acre up to $301 per acre. Machinery cost per crop acre - total of machinery repairs, fuel, custom machine hire, utilities, machinery depreciation and auto expense, less 75% of all custom hire income received, divided by crop acres. Client Corner: Where can I find average prices for corn and soybeans? This measures the total production per farm. At projected cost levels, per bushel prices of $5.30 for corn and $12.75 for soybeans result in marginal profitability, similar to levels experienced from 2014 to 2019. However, the differences in crop returns are relatively small. In 2023, total costs are projected at $1,161 per acre, up from the $1,054 level in 2022, Schnitkey says. The estimated costs of production per bushel for corn following soybeans are $3.34, $3.31, and $3.32 for target yields of 181, 201, and 221 bushels per acre, respectively. Net farm income, accrual - cash net income adjusted for inventory changes and accrued expenses. Revenue and Costs for Illinois Grain Crops, Actual for 2015 through 2021, Projected 2022. Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, August 2, 2022. Very large or small farms may have lower or higher fixed costs per acre. At 180 bushels per acre, it is $3.58 per bushel. Iowa farmers averaged 205 bushels per acre on corn for grain, the Jan. 12 report noted. And Mexico is huge! The largest proportion of costs involved in corn farming is land, fertilizer, and fixed and variable equipment. ISU used a a corn yield target of 200 bu./acre with an average price of $3.10 per bushel. Risks will exist throughout the autumn as many decisions concerning 2023 production are made, and input prices are locked in. Non-land costs are projected to be $860 in 2023, up from $758 in 2022. Current futures prices seem to indicate that corn and soybean prices might average $4.45 and $11.40 per bushel in 2021/22, respectively. By accessing or using the Service you agree to be bound by these Terms. A continuous corn system would not be able to cover all costs even with high yields, and corn production following soybeans would generate $30 to $40 per acre in profits. Table 2 shows actual results for northern Illinois for 2021, along with projections for 2022 and 2023. For all regions of Illinois, the relatively high returns experienced in recent years are projected to end in 2023. It appears you're visiting this site with a browser that is old and unsupported. Variable costs: Fuel, fertilizer, seed, irrigat. Copyright 1995-document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) Your email address will not be published. The models point to substantial cost increases in 2023, says Gary Schnitkey, University of Illinois Extension ag economist. Still, you can apply up through June 30 at your bank or Farm Credit System lender that is participating in the program. Willows . Government programs to protect farmers from agriculture risk have been around for many years, Although ARC and PLC have only been around since 2014.