Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/fall-of-the-qing-dynasty-195608. Actual participation in sect activities had no impact on an arrest; whether or not monetary demands were met, however, did. The Red Turban Rebellion which took place in 1352, was led by the White Lotus group. The White lotus (Bailian Jiao, ) was a Buddhist political and religious movement that believed in a universal female divinity, the "Unborn Old Mother" who would gather all of her children towards the end of the millennium, into one large family.
." This rebellion grew rapidly under Lin Chi-hieh and other leaders, oue of whom was a woman surnamed Wang, until there were a hundred thousand rebels in arms, who fought with varying fortune against an at least equal number of imperialist solidiers. Nevertheless, where can you catch hints that the -angel longs for his former state? [13], Forty-eight years later, Zeng Guofan, leader of Hunan-based Xiang Army studied the Qing government's methods during the White Lotus Rebellion and he was inspired by them while he was considering ways to suppress the Taiping Rebellion. Only after 1800 did the Qing government adopt new tactics that established local militias (tuan) to help surround and destroy the White Lotus. The Rebellion is estimated to have caused the deaths of some 100,000 rebels.[1][2]. from Hubei and Shaanxi provs. Save up to $6,685 on one of 9 used Lotus Evora 400s in Frisco, TX. A pattern emerged of growing rice in the valley bottoms, corn on the lower mountain slopes, and Irish potatoes on the higher land. Omissions? The White Lotus Rebellion (Chinese: ; pinyin: Chun ch bi lin jio q y, 17941804) was a rebellion initiated by followers of the White Lotus movement during the Qing dynasty of China.
"The Great Yn: China's Last Imperial Dynasty" WIP The White Lotus Rebellion was initiated as an antitax protest led by the White Lotus Society, a secret religious society. She has taught at the high school and university levels in the U.S. and South Korea. Although the rebellion was finally crushed by the Qing government in 1804, it marked a turning point in the history of the Qing dynasty. Because of the brutality of the Qing troops, however, the troops were soon nicknamed the "Red Lotus" Society. It apparently began as a tax protest led by the White Lotus Society, a secret religious society that forecast the advent of the Buddha, advocated restoration of the native Chinese Ming dynasty, and promised personal salvation to its followers. The calamitous Opium Wars seemed to prove that the alien ruling dynasty had lost the Mandate of Heaven and needed to be overthrown. With its weaknesses exposed, China began to lose power over its peripheral regions. How did the Rebellion impact Qing society? Matt, I think religion played an important rule in peasants' rebellion in ancient China. In particular, the court marked itself off from its subjects in certain religious, linguistic, ritual, and social characteristics, always presenting themselves as outside conquerors. The Last Emperor, 6-year-old Puyi, formally abdicated the throne on Feb. 12, 1912, ending not only the Qing dynasty but China's millennia-long imperial period. Japan stripped away Taiwan, took effective control of Korea (formerly a Chinese tributary) following the First Sino-Japanese War of 189596, and also imposed unequal trade demands in the 1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki. Talking about Yuan's decline and fall, you should learn something about White Lotus Society. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). In 2014, with the publication of White Lotus Rebels and South China Pirates: Crisis and Reform in the Qing Empire (2014), Wensheng Wang challenged the perception of the Jiaqing reign (1796-1802) as a "dead middle hiatus" between its past and present by arguing that the emperor successfully carried out policy reforms that readjusted the priorities of governance and enabled the dynasty to . The French Revolution was now the French "rebellion" or "chaos," but in fact, the existence of leased territories and foreign concessions provided plenty of fuel and varying degrees of safety for radical opponents. However, the date of retrieval is often important. The rebellion was ended by the deaths of some 100,000 rebels. The White Lotus Rebellion was a rebellion initiated by followers of the White Lotus movement during the Qing dynasty of China. Omissions? from Hubei and Shaanxi provs.
History & Facts of The White Lotus Movement - China Underground International imperialism brought the Opium Wars (1840-42 and 1856-60), Sino-French War (1884-85), Sino-Japanese War (1894-95) and Boxer War (1898-1900). Motivated by millenarian Buddhists who promised the immediate return of the Buddha, it erupted out of social and economic discontent in the impoverished provinces of Hubei, Shaanxi, and Sichuan (including modern Sichuan and Chongqing). At the . Administrators also seized and destroyed sectarian scriptures which were used by the religious groups.
Used Lotus Evora 400 for Sale in Frisco, TX | Edmunds The White Lotus Rebellion began as a tax protest led by the White Lotus Society, a secret religious society. }, Page last modified: that can be demarcated by a territorial boundary and identified by its distinctive clothing and language.
An introduction to 19th-century China | British Museum But as oue leader fell or was captured, another replaced him, and as the rebellion was extinguished in one place, it blazed out in another. In 1794, one instance of a derivative sect of the White Lotus, the Eight Trigrams arose in the form of underground meditation teachings and practice in Shandong province, not far from Beijing (Zhili) near the city of Linqing. Szczepanski, Kallie. [6] The term was only used by the millenarian rebels under intense pressure during government interrogations. Ordinary Han Chinese felt little loyalty to the Qing rulers, who still presented themselves as conquering Manchus from the north.
White Lotus Rebellion - Wikiwand The Qing commanders who were sent to repress the rebellion had a difficult time putting down the White Lotus. By 1804 the area was again placed under imperial control by the local militia. By 1387, after more than 30 years of war, their leader, Zhu Yuanzhang conquered the North China Plain and occupied the Yuan capital Khanbaliq (present-day Beijing). [3] According to Ter Haar, it is clear that the "White Lotus" rebels of the uprisings that occurred between 1796 and 1804 did not voluntarily use the term "White Lotus" to refer to themselves or their movement.
10 New Religions That Were Mercilessly Crushed - Listverse Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content.
. Dimitri Vegas, Steve Aoki The White Lotus Theme (Aloha!) "The Fall of China's Qing Dynasty in 19111912." An independent military force, the militia proved difficult to disband, and frequently it turned against the dynasty in the early 20th century. At the same time, technologies for treating contagious diseases such as smallpox, and the extensive use of fertilizers and irrigation techniques were also imported from the West. ", McCaffrey, Cecily. The rebels are all our own subjects. Beginning as tax protests, the eventual rebellion gained growing support and sympathy from many ordinary people. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. The nine-years long White Lotus war had devastated a large number of districts in Central China. Corrections? After more than 2,000 years, though, Chinese imperial power under the last Chinese dynasty was about to collapse for good. Local disaffection broke out in the so-called White Lotus Rebellion of 1796-1804, which was centerd in the Szechwan- Shensi- Hupeh- Honan border regions. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. View original page. Main article: White Lotus Rebellion Beginning in 1794, two decades after Wang Lun's failed uprising, a movement also arose in the mountainous region that separates Sichuan from Hubei and Shaanxi in central China as tax protests. The White Lotus Society is traditionally considered to have first appeared during the 14th century under Mongol rule. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. One such official was Huang Yupian (), who refuted the ideas which were found in the scriptures which expressed orthodox Confucian and Buddhist views in A Detailed Refutation of Heresy ( Pxi Xingbin), which was written in 1838. Beginning as tax protests, the eventual rebellion gained growing support and sympathy from many ordinary people. //]]>. A second major contributor was internal turmoil, expressed in a series of devastating rebellions beginning in 1794 with the White Lotus rebellion, and ending with the Boxer Rebellion of 18991901 and Wuchang Uprising of 19111912. It took almost ten years and huge financial waste to defeat the badly equipped White Lotus Rebellion (1795-1804), partly by legitimizing militias led by local Hn Chinese elites.
White Lotus Rebellion 1796-1804 - globalsecurity.org After both died in battle in 1796, Beijing sent new officials but none were successful. The White Lotus continued to be active, and might have influence the next major domestic rebellion, the Eight Trigrams Uprising of 1813.[6]. The Chinese authorities burned 20,000 bales of opium, and the British retaliated with a devastating invasion of mainland China, in two wars known as the Opium Wars of 183942 and 185660. Approximately 7,000 Banner troops were sent in from Manchuria in combination with Green Standard Army soldiers from Guizhou and Yunnan as well as tens of thousands of local mercenaries. It was an organized religion, which was once popular in Yuan Dynasty. Without a clear enemy to fight against, brutality against civilians became more common. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. "White Lotus Rebellion
White Lotus Rebellion - Wikipedia When the last Chinese dynastythe Qing dynastyfell in 19111912, it marked the end of the nation's incredibly long imperial history. The White Lotus Society is traditionally considered to have first appeared during the Jin dynasty founded by Huiyuan in Mountain Lu, Jiujiang. Alternate titles: Bailianjiao, Pai-lien chiao, San Jos State University - The White Lotus Religion in China. The White Lotus Society is traditionally considered to have first appeared during the 14th century under the Mongol -led Yuan dynasty. Though many movements and rebellions were considered by imperial bureaucrats to have been led by White Lotus Society leaders, there is reason to doubt that the White Lotus Society had any organizational unity. Completely unprepared for such an onslaught, the Qing dynasty lost, and Britain imposed unequal treaties and took control of the Hong Kong region, along with millions of pounds of silver to compensate the British for the lost opium. "[5] Unable to build up a support base, he was forced to quickly flee all three cities that he attacked in order to evade government troops. Beginning as tax protests, the eventual rebellion gained growing support and sympathy from many ordinary people. Retrieved February 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/white-lotus-rebellion. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. This took place during the Qing Dynasty, and lasted from 1796 to 1804. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps. After both died in battle in 1796, the Qing government sent new officials, but none were successful. Wang Lun likely failed because he did not make any attempts to raise wide public support.
Red Turban Rebellion | Military Wiki | Fandom Write in the blank the verb and tense indicated in parentheses. The Red Turban Rebellion which took place in 1352, was led by the White Lotus group. Under the Ming and the Qing, the movement existed in small, secret congregations and its doctrines were spread through baojuan ("precious volumes . The end of the White Lotus Rebellion in 1804 also brought an end to the myth of the military invincibility of the Manchus, contributing to the increasing frequency of rebellions in the 19th century. #ga-ad {display: none;}
It apparently began as a tax protest led by the White Lotus Society, a secret religious society that forecast the advent . The White Lotus society (Bailianjiao) was a religious cult already in existence in the Nan (Southern) Song dynasty (1127-1279). This rebellion was less successful than that of the Red Turbans, and the Qing government succeeded in crushing this uprising. "Reluctant guerrillas in early nineteenth century China: the White Lotus insurgents and their suppressors. https://www.encyclopedia.com/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/white-lotus-rebellion, "White Lotus Rebellion [8] The leader, herbalist and martial artist Wang Lun, led an uprising that captured three small cities and laid siege to the larger city of Linqing, a strategic location on the north-south Grand Canal transportation route. [1] As White Lotus sects developed, they appealed to many Han Chinese who found solace in the worship of Wusheng Laomu .