metric chassis trailing arm angles

here a simple Q as life for you: owning an base malibu sedan 81 and had changed coils (some, new and used), and new gabriel stock shocks, Im banging my head on the paviment as this car has absolute no suspension. to be loose. The front of the car felt the actual 400-pound rate while the rears "felt" like 200 pound springs. birdcages (and the rear tires) rearward on the right side and You can evaluate the roll steer characteristics of different set-ups just ordered the adjustable lowers Semi-trailing arm suspension, handling and stability performance, non-linear vehicle model, Bees algorithm Date received: 17 November 2011; accepted: 3 February 2012 Introduction It comes with a locking bolt to tighten the bushing. My car had 7Deg of angle it. bottom link arrangement of illustration 2C on the left side and the Simply replace the slug with different combination of offset slugs. (Steel). I am looking for a bit more traction and less wheel spin, but primarly want better handling for road . Suspension Parts, Front & Rear parts . 266. it feels as a plank over nude bearings on the road .. suspension bump (compression) movement. (USRA/IMCA Stock Car Legal). Instead of using some form of track locator or Watts linkage, the trailing arm triangluation keeps the rear end properly located in the car. 1-1/2 Tube Diameter Clamp For Limit Chains on Chassis Side, 1-3/4 Tube Diameter Clamp For Limit Chains on Chassis Side. When selecting springs for your 4-link, you should The side bite trade off is a big one. Whiteline Rear Trailing Arm Upper Bushing - Holden H Series/Monaro HQ, HJ, HX, HZ/Torana W51514 A 4-link We do not necessarily need to know the exact amounts of rear steer our cars are subjected to, but we do need to have a solid understanding of what produces rear steer and what effect rear steer has on the handling in our cars. 4. The company also sells ultra-lightweight rear spring cups (see Rear Spring Cups from A&A Holidays Wish List). Skip to main content. In a car with a non-triangulated four link, you can shorten the upper right trailing arm to increase the preload on the right rear tire. I am dropping my ride height 2. It consists of a regular trailing arm and two links for controlling the camber throughout the suspension travel and for carrying the lateral loads. There are limits to how far we go in steering the car this way. Another component that promotes rear steer is when the rear trailing arms are angled from a top view, with the front mount closer to the centerline than the rear mounts. These bars are used to center the wheels in the wheel well and to set the wheelbase from side to side. 88 metric lower trailing arm $65.00. Here is how each system functions and how they can be adjusted for the "degree" of rear steer. New info from @Fabman on RLCA angle: 3 to 5 degrees downward slope . Use this kit to build your own custom rear end. You should pay close RAceman. At the nose, Id do the same (spherical bearings or Delrin bushings). Many teams use varying amounts of rear steer to adjust to constantly changing track conditions, a product of variations in moisture content so common in dirt racing. Click here to remove banner ads from this forum. the race car enhance forward bite by using axle thrust to quicken the . 3. Richards added that today, the Z-link or swing-arm suspension can have nearly as much rear steer as the 4-link, without the excessive loading of the left-rear tire. clamp brackets. if u could move trailing arm mount on chassis with the uppers as close to the rearend housing as can get and the lowers 2.5 away from housing. This promotes forward bite without causing the car to be tight on entry or in the middle of the turns. $ 599.95. I have tried different set ups with some success am now at 4.5 down suspension moves. Notice, in illustration 2D, Hes authored five how-to books and written over 4,500 tech articles that have appeared in sixty different high performance automotive, motorcycle and aviation magazines worldwide. The live class took place January 22-23, 2022. (1-8 Coarse Thread), BRACKET, 3 LINK, NSM MOD, BOLT ON LH (MEDIEVAL ONLY 2016-2018), BRACKET, 3 LINK, NSM MOD, BOLT ON RH (MEDIEVAL ONLY 2016-2018), These caliper mount brackets are built to fit the small GM metric calipers. right side correct any corner entry handling problems caused by When using trailing arm angles to help your setup it pays to truly understand the movements at each section of the corner as well as think about any drawbacks that rear steer or understeer might create. Lowering the car changes the sprung mounting points (body/chassis) but not the unsprung (axle) mounting points. As we stated earlier, the 4-link is a fairly complicated rear The trailing arms can be mounted parallel to the centerline of the car, or angled with the front mounts closer to centerline. Undo the two bolts that hold the subframe support arm: the rear of the arm bolts to the front of the rear subframe, and the front of the arm bolts to the trailing arm bracket. These are BMR upper trailing arms for 1979-2001 Mustangs. Insane video on the induced rear roll over steer. Now on to getting everything adjusted out and working. A/C Condenser APDI 7013457 fits 2006 Mitsubishi Eclipse, Mevotech TTX Front Lower Suspension Ball Joint for 1998-2018 Subaru Forester vc. 4AN To for 8mm X 1.0 Metric Straight Adapter Vibrant. Part No. Lower the Rear Panhard Bar on both sides. conditions, bottom links 2 shorter than the upper links work well. MAXIMUM Performance right side climbing panhard mount for quick change rear ends. Decrease the Split on the Rear Panhard Bar Heights. Jigged with our: Used on millions of cars - BMW, Mercedes, Ford and even Rolls Royce - semi-trailing arm rear suspension had some huge advantages. He uses his knowledge as a racer to continue to innovate his chassis designs. Increase the Split in the Panhard Bar Heights. Mounts J-Bar to QC rear end 4 3/8 offset from pinion. Mounting both Rear steer in this system is caused by chassis movement, which can produce several secondary effects. Adjustable lower bars are used to center the tires front to back in the wheel well and to make small wheelbase changes. The variation of height for the right-rear trailing arm is very small. After subframe support arm is out of the way, unscrew the . The key to correctly Part No. And have fun at SIR! Phone (07) 31033011 Between - 9:30am - 4:30pm. This trailing arm bracket kit was designed to allow trailing arm angle adjustments just like what can be done on modifieds.. (Sold as a Pair) . Followed your advice and got a set of adjustable lowers. the race car upon corner entry -especially when both coil-over units are If you lengthen the same bar, more load is placed on the left rear tire. Looking for some help / opinions on the optimum lower control arm angle for 05+. correctly. Learn how your comment data is processed. The two most critical factors to the performance Has boxed lowers, adjustable uppers , stock springs and shock. Most often, the factory trailing arms are simply a stamped metal arm. The track in this case was banked and had a lot of grip. The significance of this, for the purpose of this article, is that the chassis travel in a Z-link is enhanced compared to the 4-link suspension when using the same installed spring rate, and this causes quite a bit of chassis travel and related rear steer. birdcage to move forward more during chassis roll than in birdcages typically move down much less than right side The company also sells ultra-lightweight rear . shortening the lower links, is a reduction in loose roll steer. Wayne Scraba is a diehard car guy and regular contributor to OnAllCylinders. am out of adjustment on the uppers so will be installing a set of adjustable lowers Asphalt Rear Steer That way, the car will stay as fast and balanced as it can be throughout all of the changing conditions. The only reasons to adjust the upper bars on a triangulated four-link are to set the pinion angle and to center the rear axle side to side in the car. AA-384-B and AA-384-C), made from 3/16-thick steel, sit on the back of the lower trailing arm mounts. Ask me how I knowL-O-L. Hope that gets you sorted out. and parallel to each other). The Metric four-link suspension design is a bit different than most other rear suspensions. Settle into your comfortable seat, enjoy sumptuous in-flight cuisine, stock up on last-minute duty-free items from the onboard store, and tune in to the in-flight entertainment system. Owner-operator at Race Products Inc. Location. Also pinion angle with stock bushings. and rearward (R.S.) REAR - On each side of the vehicle, measure the distance (2) from the center of the outboard trailing arm-to-body mounting bolt (1) to the floor or alignment rack/lift runway surface. LR bracket is 6.75 from axle tube to center of bottom hole. The Z-link System AA-621-D is a clamp-on spring cup, fitting 3 tubing $24.95. Rayburn builds the swing-arm type of rear suspension. . Im assuming youre referring to the front end more below: Cars with a lot of twist and bind are difficult, if not impossible to tune. very stiff. Some forward bite may be lost when A 1/2 inch height change from level can make significant handling changes. . Currently my model has: * the lower control arm is angled up from ball joint to pivot at 4.1 degrees. Metric Chassis Complete A-Arm Assembly $ 99.95; Camaro Chassis A-Arm Shaft Assembly $ 99.95; JOES 24" Pit Steering . Tack weld these washers to the outer flange of your bushing to create a retainer for the rubber. 60 MAXIMUM aftermarket Ford 9 housing with new 3 OD tubes and 2.5 GN hub snouts. Has a 1/4 hole on bottom to allow bolting to your weight jack bolt. (See illustration 2A.). Adaskaveg got his start working for track photographer Lloyd Burnham at Connecticuts Stafford Motor Speedway in 1970. The A & A Manufacturing stock trailing arm mounting kit (part No. Please Login or Register. From a structural standpoint, tubular trailing arms are much stronger than factory trailing arms. Emirates offers flights to Ho Chi Minh City (SGN) and 139 other destinations. In turn, that bite tends to move the car toward the left. Now available value added Metric Rear Control Arm . SEALS, FRONT TRAILING ARMS, SET OF 4 *GERMAN* STD BUG / THING / GHIA 1966-77. Part No. When you find the correct amount of rear steer, stay there and tune the handling with the other components. My upper a arm is at a 10 degree angle pointing down towards the front. currently using 4.5 down and it picked up 60. you will speed up your learning process by working with a model. steer may increase whenever both bottom links are shortened! The upper trailing arms are pretty much in the stock location. Keep in mind that trailing arm angles can become excessive if the rear of the chassis lifts a lot during acceleration. The rear semi-trailing arm suspension combines the advantages of the trailing arm and double-pivot swing axle suspension principles, without the . The four holes for adjusting the lower trailing arm angle are all symmetrical, so when you move the trailing arm up or down it does not change the wheelbase of the car, said Tom Nolff, of T&D Custom Fabrication in Grant, Michigan. The company manufactures the kits lower trailing arm mounts (part No. The trailing arms can be mounted parallel to the centerline of the car, or angled with the front mounts closer to centerline. Stock trailing arm kit, used for mounting Ford 9 in GM metric car. They are: 1. Many of todays very successful Pro Stock drag cars have instant center locations very similar to cars with triangulated four-links. The reason rear steer aero might be important comes on dry, slick surfaces, where the tires do not grip well. When the track goes slick, especially dry slick, rear steer is needed. When the panhard bar or J-bar is parallel with the rear axle center line, cornering force goes laterally and is the best vector to transmit this force. when making this adjustment. The lower links are angled from a top view with the front pivots narrower than the rear pivots. suspension by angling the trailing arms upward toward the front of the There are three items to address: shocks, anti-roll bar, and adjustable trailing arms. If excessive, loose roll steer can cause a loose Richards added that "if the driver has to countersteer the car a lot, you need more rear steer.". Set. of the shocks and springs. It seems not being an Irak/bu . length and/or angle difference in the upper and lower links. 2). On the left, we have reduced the forward movement of (Sold Individually). To ensure the pinion is in the correct location under power, it is typically set nose down in its at-rest (static) position. I use the H&R parts stuff anti roll bar birdcages and mounted to With stock brackets on . There are all sorts of different examples out there, but if you have already have a TRZ ARB, why not get a set of double adjustable TRZ uppers and lowers? A & A Manufacturing makes 95% of their product line in Michigan, including the stock trailing arm mounting kit. 9-5 Upper A-Arm Mounting Points Metric. sensitive to adjustments. Trailing Arm Brackets Cf: a c t i v i t . Long bottom links (equal in length or no more than 1 document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. All we had to do now was work on consistency. We can reduce loose roll steer by lowering the bottom links at the Consequently, a further reduction in loose roll steer results. Since we cannot lump them together, we will analyze them separately. birdcages caused by the upper links. Adjustable rear trailing arms are also available for specific applications. When racing on dirt, watch the conditions and be prepared to make changes accordingly, not just to the setup, but also related to rear steer. SKU: 64-67ABox. corners. Use this kit to build your own custom rear end. Picture does NOT represent all jig options. excessive if the rear of the chassis lifts a lot during acceleration. The entry is more important to design for than the exit as far as rear steer is concerned." Dirt Late Model cars can be designed with a considerable degree of adjustment for rear steer. 1- LZ-13-B lower mounts (pair ) 1- 384-B shock mount (right) 1- 384-C shock mount (left), *LZ-13-B is a laser cut mount that has been welded on the proper angle to fit a GM metric chassis. Made out of 1/2 thick steel to gain extra LR weight. right side link is from 3 to 5 higher than the left when the chassis LR bracket is 7 from axle tube to center of bottom hole, but still conforms to the 7.5 max length rules. Keith Masters of MasterSbilt Race Car Chassis said, "The reason chassis builders build 4-bar cars is because of rear steer. But since left side Show more About this course $299.00; 160 lessons . Cars with 15-inch wheels should have a measurement of 205mm (8.07") in front. From personal experience, theyre great quality. US $239.9 This product greatly reduces bushing deflection that occurs during acceleration Each bushing is designed to exact tolerances Reduce deflection with minimal changes in NVH and braking The SuperPro elastomer bushings greatly increase the rigidity and stability of the chassis to provide maximum control and consistency which is known for its high stiffness SuperPro bushings are made from . This induces less rear steer when the car squats on exit. (Try to bounce the rear of a car with a 4-link rear A difference of heights can help or hurt rear traction. A smooth entry provides a faster exit. initial forward bite. Again the height of the mounts are critical as to the resultant force transmitted. On a Late Model, this air pressure difference may help keep the car on the track by virtue of having the car go through the air at an angle, causing both a high pressure on the leading (right) side and a lower pressure on the trailing (left) side. Has gone 1.29 60 ft on spray, has 28 10.5 et street tires on it also. unloading of the rear tires during deceleration This unloading can upset Conversely anti-dive is used to describe how much a chassis nose dives under braking. clamp brackets. There are four types of rear suspensions used in most dirt cars that are significant to study regarding rear steer. illustration 2B where the links are level. Has a 1/4 hole on bottom to allow bolting to your weight jack bolt. I'm new at this how do u do that and does it makr a big difference. change of 5 can make a noticeable change to handling. 2- 175-C bushing for upper mounts. (more on this later). PEM 9" Grand National Limited Floater Rear End Housing, RE-SSM-5800 is a 58" housing with a 0 pinion angle, stock mounts, and GM Metric caliper mounts. Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. Mounts J-Bar to 9 third-member 4 3/8 offset from pinion. On the left side, the bottom (during acceleration) is quickened and forward bite is enhanced. with the very soft chassis meaning floppy front subframe is 4.5 enough? Kit contains: (2) Rear upper control . Some manufacturers have added multiple mounting points on the front and rear chassis mounts. Designed for the Wissota street stocks, these trailing arm brackets have the lowest mounting hole position possible. Hotchkis and Global West make similar control arms for Mustangs and GM A- and G-bodies. One trick I always used was to drill through the nut and bolt on the arms and use a cotter pin to lock the nut. Metric Chassis Complete A-Arm Assembly $ 99.95; Camaro Chassis A-Arm Shaft Assembly $ 99.95; JOES 24" Pit Steering Wheel $ 199.95; Useful . This is a new bushing that is used in the upper & lower trailing arms to create sidebite and cushioning of the rear end. He will be showing the latest tools to enhance your chassis set up. The first element to understand about rear steer is that it is caused by rear suspension movement. This arrangement: * puts the instantaneous center 199 inches from center of car. Facebook; Twitter; Youtube; Pinterest; contact us . loose roll steer tendency caused by the steep angles of the upper links. One disadvantage is pointed out by Masters. The rear semi-trailing arm suspension is an independent rear suspension system similar to the pure trailing arm suspension, with the primary difference being that the bushing axis (or instant axis) runs at an angle in all X, Y, and Z directions. the indexing and the link angle changes during roll or bump. You are using an out of date browser. LATE MODEL SUSPENSION FRONT-REAR; LATE MODEL DRIVELINE-WHEELS; . The Truck-Arm System - The truck-arm system has been adapted from the design for a 1964 Chevy truck, and is used on many Late Model Stock cars, as well as the three premier divisions of NASCAR (Craftsman Trucks, Busch, and Winston Cup). 60 GN 1R offset MAXIMUM aftermarket Ford 9 housing with new 3 OD tubes and 2.5 GN hub snouts. How Much is Too Much? You can also check Tack weld the slugs to secure them to the trailing arm. Thanks. This 1/2-13 threaded bolt extends the hex end of the bolt out of the frame rail, allowing you to remove the bolt without losing your socket or fighting the frame rail. (and tire) are forced towards the race track. Compare the measurements to specifications. wenee9w Pit Crew. The upper arms on a triangulated four-link are used to center the rear axle housing from side to side; you shift the rear axle housing left or right, depending upon which bar you adjust. Assembly includes: 2.5 MAXIMUM GN hubs, hub bearings, seals, brake rotor, drive flange, axles and all hardware necessary. I am setting up a GM A body 1972 Monte Carlo. Change your lead or trail of the rear end by simply changing the combination of offset slugs. forward(L.S.) The content was subject to approval of A & A Manufacturing. Additional washer added on end to extended life of bushing in severe conditions. It helps prevent the mounting points from tearing out when the suspension is shocked during a starting line launch. tire loadings. Those cars have multiple holes, allowing the angles of the control links to be altered to produce more or less rear steer. When you add more horsepower, bigger and stickier tires, and start pushing the car, then the flex in these arms becomes even more apparent. How to find roll centre in anti-dive or anti-squat double wishbone suspension, where upper and lower arms are at angle (side view)? birdcage. These arms are longer then stock to help lessen pinion angle changing during suspension travel. Dirt Rear Steer Usually, the right-rear corner of the chassis moves more than the left-rear. 2-4 Offset Bushings and Trailing Arms. In Stock . Because there is very little slip of the tires on asphalt, the range of useable rear steer is very small. When designing or Photo courtesy of Hotchkis Suspension. This raised the rear roll center and hurt side bite, but aided forward bite. Condition: New. birdcages, to rotate against the shocks and springs during If its working correctly, a G Body will drag the back bumper on the track with those pieces, on small drag radials. The lowest rear RC you can get is with all arms parallel to the ground (no angle) . 2.50 from axle tube to center of hole. 4AN To for 8mm X 1.0 Metric Straight Adapter Vibrant. Any angle up hill to the right rear will cause upward force on both tires and unload both tires. This condition will cause loose handling-especially shocks are compressed from both ends at once and the suspension becomes This type of suspension has coil springs and upper and lower trailing arms (also called control arms). The sideways attitude of the car does two things: 1) it helps to slow the car down on entry much like an air brake on a Lear jet, allowing deeper entry and 2) it may also help to produce a left-side, lateral force that resists the opposite centrifugal force that tries to take the car to the fence. Suspension Type Camber Angle; FWD: Multilink Trailing Arm Twist Beam: 1.0 1.0 1.0 RWD: Multilink Trailing Arm Swing Arm: 1.0 1.0 1.3 AWD: Multilink Double Wishbone Trailing Arm: 1.0 1.0 1.0 4WD: Multilink Double Wishbone Trailing Arm: 0.5 0.5 0.5 That can work for a mild street or bracket car, but will make a high-horsepower car react violently at launch. These new Superior 28 or 31-spline axles feature screw in studs in a 55 wheel bolt pattern, , thick heavy duty bearing retainer plates, and tapered wheel bearings pressed on. This will add Roll Steer as the chassis rolls over in the turn and the LR arm scribes an arc forward and shortens the left side wheel base. So, teams need to take this rate difference into account. The length of the bottom links are dependent on the roll steer and With this design, lateral movement of the rear end causes rear steer. We use the upper links on a 4-link suspension acceleration causes the rear axle & chassis to separate. As a result, loose roll steer is reduced. I want just for street use, nothing but just Soft Ride, floating kind of .. What is wrong ? Bad shocks (and/or messed up valving) can be the culprit. $149.99; 149 - Reward points. Any of you guys changed any angles on trailing arms etc on a metric to make it faster? clamp brackets are used in front of the axle, axle wrap-up during Specifically designed to increase LR drive off the corner and corner entry adjustability with multiple hole adjustments on the RR. springs). A link length change of 1" or a link angle the bottom links are lowered but the effect on forward bite is usually During chassis roll, trailing arm/s mounted upwards will cause the right the left rear tire to move forward. * upper control arm angled down from ball joint to pivot at 1.4 degrees. Obviously, if both of the wheels did not move, or moved in the same direction by the same amount, we would have zero rear steer. #2. pat the angle of the trailing arm wont really effect anything that much. If the front is diving under braking then add anti-dive to front suspension. You should keep in mind that any loading of the rear tires caused by The company offers a wide array of quality chassis components at reasonable prices. I highly recommend that if your wanting to run coil-overs or something of the sort or long travel that you use a 0 degree dual pivot trailing arm i use it in the designing of all my frames and i think its better for more wheel travel. The setup is balanced when the LF and LR tire temps are similar. There can be a small amount of rear steer as the chassis rolls and squats, but it is both minimal and mostly fixed as far as adjustability. For example, in illustration 2A, both the top and the bottom links the left rear tire and wedge is reduced (40 lbs to 80 lbs is typical!). 2-3 Starting Points for Bar Angles. These trailing arm brackets use common offset slugs (sold separately) to allow you to change the amount of lead or trail in the rear end. Upper link angles from 15 to 18 on the In more recent years, teams have been setting up the car so that the left side raises up quite a bit. cause a gas pedal push. by comparing the different paths drawn on your model. Keep in mind that any change to the roll steer are overly affected and handling becomes inconsistent. Description : General Motors 64-67 "A-Body" Adjustable/Indestructible Rear Control Arm Upper Cross Member! . Ground clearance at bump and uptravel at ride height will dictate link angle. AA-621-A fits 3 axle tubes $14.95. suspension. The rule about never steering the rear end to the right on an asphalt car does not apply on a dirt car. Decrease the Rear Weight Bias. During chassis roll, indexing loads the right rear tire and unloads Rear ends are straightened after jigging for truer alignment of axles to 3rd member. Welcome to J-AUTO! handling condition that negates the benefits of the forward bite gained 2.5 drop trailing arm brackets slotted to accept offset slugs. As the left side of the car travels up, the front of both of the trailing arms are angled upwards so that the left-rear tire tries to drive up under the chassis, loading the left-rear tire considerably. This is your problem, (sprung v. unsprung) your rear lower control arms (body mount to axle mount) must be in a 2.0-3.0 degrees (max) downward slope to the rear axle. Now with Ten properly positioned holes . $ JavaScript is disabled. Dual internal gusseting provides strongest rear end in the industry. SourceA & A ManufacturingSpring Lake, Michigan800-473-1730aa-mfg.com. See the text for more information. KT-1A ). adjustment, positioning the lower links 5downhill, causes the bottom of - Trailing Arm Brackets - Bushings in Upper Mounts - Brake Caliper Mounts (GM Metric) . (Sold Individually). A rear end that is steered to the right of centerline causes the thrust angle to be pointed to the right of centerline and makes the car loose on entry and loose on exit under acceleration. The bar essentially controls weight shift from side to side, preventing the body from rotating on the launch. If the upper links are shorter than 17", the lower Kit includes standard 55 GN hubs, hub bearings, seals, brake rotor, drive flange, 31 spline solid axles and all hardware necessary. Large 1 NPT fill plug installed for easy filling or connecting to fill tank. One of the reasons a car will test fast in practice, qualifying, and maybe the heat races, but then be out to lunch when the track changes come feature time, is a result of improper rear steer. No more than 10-15 pound difference, excess split makes car tight. Decrease Upper Control Arm Angle on the Rearend. This kit includes two Pull bushings, two steel spools, a rectangular mount tube and side gusset bracket. In order to keep the driveshaft and U-joints operating in a (more or less) straight line when youre on the throttle, the pinion angle has to be correct. Seems that more of an angle equals more traction bit, less angle (ie flatter) more stability in the turns and under braking. Matt, Maybe a up is a starting point. These conditions call for a driving line that is more straight ahead. Realize that you can increase forward bite on any type of rear If not, no amount of adjustment will get the thing down the track properly. or something like an early Chevelle or a GTO, it has a triangulated four-link rear suspension.This type of suspension has coil springs and upper and lower trailing arms (also called control arms).The upper arms are angled to form the triangle that gives the suspension its name. can tighten overall corner handling by using This bracket is also built heavy, weighs 7.5lbs (with slugs) to help increase LR rear end weight. wood, aluminum strips, etc. However, indexing can cause the rear suspension to be too harsh Clamp Brackets are used to mount the This induces rear steer when the car squats on exit. 6. Jul 23, 2001. Wehrs Body Bolt Panel Inserts. Specialize in complete bushing overhauls and suspension upgrades to enhance the driving experience for your Mazda RX-7, Mazda RX-8, and Classic Mazdas (R100, RX-2, RX-3) but are more than capable of servicing all cars with the same care and attention to detail.

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