biodiversity of sundarbans
The Indian part of Sundarban region is located in the state of West Bengal occupying the lowest part of the Ganga delta which has been fragmented by various distributaries. Introduction and Background of Research Sundarbans is one of the biggest examples of human exploitation on forests and its flora and fauna in the world. The Sundarbans are protected primarily for their unique ecological processes, making it on our list for their special kind of biodiversity. At the ecosystem level, India is also very well-endowed with 10 distinct biogeographic zones. Forest products. To these may be added the Sundarbans and the Terrai-Duar Savannah grasslands for their unique foliage and animal species. survival of the eclectic mix of biodiversity in the region. Matla, Saptamukhi, and Hooghly on eastern, central, and western regions, having different environmental features of Sundarbans Mangrove Ecosystem, India, a World Heritage Site, was conducted through six seasons of consecutive 2 years. Habitat and Biodiversity The Sundarbans National Park hosts many species which are on the brink of extinction. The coastal mangrove is the most dynamic and potential eco-region in the world. 2. Due to the proximity of Baleshwar and Posur rivers, these areas receive greater amount of freshwater than the rest of the . The Sundarbans delta in India has been a priority region for WWF-India since 1973 due to its unique biodiversity. This littoral tract, experiencing tidal waves at regular interval from the Bay of Bengal, has provided conducive hydrogeomorphological conditions for the . Biodiversity, Floristic Composition and Climate Change in the Sundarbans WWF-India Climate Change and Health of Sundarbans WWF-India Natural calamities and diseases of sundarbans mangrove forest ihn FreeStyle Corp. Our biodiversity maps for the Sundarbans (Figure 3) reveal that currently the most species-rich mangrove communities are confined to the northern (specifically, Kalabogi) and eastern (specifically, Sarankhola) regions. One after another cyclones have left the forest deeply ravaged while salinity is inflicting great damage on the forest environment. Keywords travel cost, valuation, Sundarbans I. The Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest in the world which has been declared as World Natural Heritage Site (WNHS) by UNESCO . Video Credit: YouTube, Wildlife Trust of India. The Sundarbans were declared by UNESCO as world heritage in 21 May 1997 and were declared as first Ramsar site of Bangladesh in 21 May 1992. Covering approximately 10,000 km2 the Sundarbans in the Northern Bay of Bengal is the largest contiguous mangrove forest on earth. The Sundarbans is rich in biodiversity. Besides, there are golpata, hetal, chan, fish, honey etc. Officially, four out of the 36 Biodiversity Hotspots in the world are present in India: the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the Indo-Burma region and the Sundaland. this book, for the first time, comprehensively presents the aquatic biodiversity of the sundarbans of bangladesh which covers 309 species of fauna and 26 species of flora including fishes. Sunderban is a biogenous coast of numerous flora and fauna where the biological factors play significant roles in coastal evolution. wild animals are being hunted and people do fishing by spraying pesticides in rivers and canals which threaten the biodiversity of the Sundarbans. The total area of the 798thWorld Heritage Site is about 1,400 km2, of which 490 km2 is water, carrying a very rich biodiversity of flora and fauna. Sunderbans, the largest prograding delta and the habitat of biggest contiguous mangrove patch of the world is with magnificent biodiversity including world famous Royal Bengal Tiger and estuarine crocodiles. It goes on to show how the aquatic resources are depleting and is gradually leading to change in patterns of the values associated with the marine and coastal ecosystem. http://wrld.bg/zOfyp - The Sundarbans are the largest mangrove forest and sanctuary for a number of the world's most endangered species. Nature Observation Program of Summer. Biodiversity of the Sundarbans The Sundarbans is one of the largest mangrove forests in the world and takes its name from the dominant mangrove species, Heritiera fomes, locally known as sundari tree. The Sundarban contain the world's largest mangrove forests and one of the most biologically productive of all natural ecosystems. Here, the "Management of the Sundarbans Mangrove Forests for Biodiversity Conservation and Increased Adaptation to Climate Change" (SMP) Project built an alliance for a joint approach to capacity building of the Bangladesh Forest Department. Strategy 2: Conserve ecosystems, species and genetic pool of the country to ensure that the present and future wellbeing of the country and its people are secure - The Indian part of Sundarbans has been recognized as the Global Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 2001. Comprising 6,000 square kilometers, the SRF is a globally significant ecosystem with a rich area of biodiversity and natural resources. Sundarbans Climate Change Adaptation, Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Development -Baseline Survey. The Munda are an ethnic community of the Sundarbans mangrove ecological zone. BIODIVERSITY. Abundant and balanced biodiversity also provides ethical and aesthetic value by conserving the rich cultural heritage. A haven for rich biodiversity, Sundarban harbors several rare and globally threatened plants and animals, such as Sundari tree, Horseshoe Crab, River Terrapin, Estuarine Crocodile, Olive Ridley Turtle, Gangetic River Dolphin and Royal Bengal Tiger. organisms organisms A haven for rich biodiversity, Sundarban harbors several rare and globally The Sundarban has been extensively exploited for timber, fish, prawns and fodder. Sundarbans is the largest chunk of mangrove forest and only tiger mangrove land in the world. The Sundarban forest spans the border with India and is within 100 kilometers of both the Indian megalopolis of Kolkata and the Bangladeshi city of Khulna, where demand for natural resources produced within the . The Sundarbans provides ideal habitats for a variety of unique plants and animals. A comprehensive study on biodiversity and environmental characteristics of three different selected study sites located on different estuarine networks viz. Biodiversity 3 Protected Areas in Sundarban Reserved Forests (SRF), which constitute the core area of the World Heritage Site, inscribed in 1997. The biodiversity of the Sundarban mangroves has, Today, the area around the Sundarban (in both India and however, been affected by centuries of human exploita- Bangladesh) is densely populated. Biodiversity, Floristic Composition and Climate Change in the Sundarbans WWF-India Climate Change and Health of Sundarbans WWF-India Beautiful sundarban Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Wildlife in tamil nadu and tourism. biodiversity conservation. In 1985, Walter G. Rosen first coined the term 'Biodiversity'. The forest has the largest single population of Bengal. These processes include monsoon rains, flooding, delta formation, tidal influence, and plant colonization that are all part of the life of a dynamic mangrove forest. THE SUNDARBANS AND CLIMATE CHANGE ABOUT THE SUNDARBANS The Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest on Earth. The Sundarbans located in the south-west coastal region of Bangladesh is the largest mangrove forest in the world and is also a world heritage site declared by the UNESCO. Despite preservation commitments from both governments, the Sundarbans are under threat from both natural and human-made causes. The biodiversity includes about 350 species of vascular plants, 250 fishes and 300 birds, besides numerous species of phytoplankton, fungi, bacteria, zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, molluscs, reptiles, amphibians and mammals. - The Indian part of Sundarban is the largest tiger reserve in India. eight causes have been identified [ 6 ], such as: (i) conversion to agriculture, shrimp farms, development, and human settlement; (ii) over-harvesting by grazing, browsing and lopping, and fishing; (iii) pollution; (iv) decline in freshwater availability; (v) flooding; (vi) reduction of silt deposition; (vii) coastal erosion and (viii) Located at the edge of West Bengal in India . The Sundarbans is very rich in floral diversity with about 334 plants, 375 animals, 35 reptiles, 41 mammals, 210 fish, 14 crab and 43 molluska species. Compared to the rich species diversity and uniqueness, very few studies have so far been conducted here, mainly due to its inaccessibility. Sundarbans also supports more than 234 species of residential and migratory birds including some of the globally threatened species. Khulna (South) Correspondent : Bio-diversity of the Sundarbans has been facing a great threat as Green Town LPG Plant is being built within one kilometer of the Sundarbans violating the directives of the High Court division of Supreme Court and also the Environmental Law. A change in human behaviour is critical to save the adversely affected fish population of the Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest, according to a team of scientists. Who gave first concept of biodiversity? The Sundarbans in the Bay of Bengal are the most extensive continuous mangrove forests globally, straddling India and Bangladesh. Ponds for shrimp aquaculture, especially in Bangladesh, sit right at the edge of the protected area, a potential problem for the water quality and biodiversity of the . The biodiversity includes about 350 species of vascular plants, 250 fishes and 300 birds, besides numerous species of phytoplankton, fungi, bacteria, zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, molluscs,. The forest is rich in biodiversity with about, 334 species of plants, 270 species of birds, 42 species of mammals and 210 species of fishes, including 32 species of prawns. Sundarbans National Park is approximately 109 km from Kolkata, making it a great destination for a day trip. The UNESCO World Heritage Site and biodiversity hotspot. The Sundarbans Development and Alternative Resources Integration (SUNDARI) project is being implemented by Concern Worldwide, Bangladesh. Save Sundarbans from Coal Pollution: Shift Rampal Power Plant to Safe Location. But, over the last 100 years or so due to habitat degradation, anthropogenic pressure and ecological changes, the faunal diversity of Sundarbans has undergone modification. A prized bhetki catch. The sunder ban region (formal region) , Ahmedabad ( functional region) ShriKrishnaKesharwan Sundarbans-an introduction by Dibash deb The ecosystem of Sundarbans mangrove is shared by India and Bangladesh, perceived as a worldwide need for preservation of biodiversity. - Sundarbans was declared as the World heritage Site by UNESCO in 1987. Rich biodiversity provides economic value as it is a reservoir of various resources like cattle, fishes, forests, medicinal herbs, wood, crops, etc., that are essential for the propagation of life on Earth. The Sundarbans has 334 species of trees, 175 species of algae and 13 species of orchids, according to the forest department. Sea level ascent, because of environmental change, undermines the long haul tirelessness of the Sundarbans timberlands and its biodiversity. According to various sources, there are 450 small and big . The expected long-term impact of the Sundarbans Biodiversity Conservation Project was to secure the integrity of the environment and biodiversity of the Sundarbans Reserved Forest (SRF). In addition to harboring tremendous biodiversity, it also serves several vital ecological functions. WWF-India is seeking applications from eligible applicants for the post of Biodiversity Specialist - Sundarbans Programme in Kolkata, India. Strategy 1: Recognize the value and importance of biodiversity for the Bangladesh people and document properly its components, distribution and value. Geographic Review: Biodiversity and its conservation in Sundarban Sundarban is the largest coastal Study Resources The primary aim of the SUNDARI project is to improve the biodiversity of the Sundarbans through reducing human pressure on Sundarbans Reserve Forest (SRF) resources. In the past few years, cyclones like Bulbul, Fani, have severely impacted the habitat. March 30, 2021. It is a compound word of the longer form 'Biological diversity' which was coined by Lovejoy in 1980 to denote the number of species present in a group. Species composition and community structure vary east to west, and along the hydrological and salinity gradients. The governments of West Bengal and Bangladesh recognize them as 'non-indigenous . For instance, it has been estimated that a 28-cm sea level rise above levels of the year 2000 would SMP provided technical support together with the Wildlife Conservation Society, a co-developer of . The government is taking steps to expand the Sundarbans with an emphasis on protecting the biodiversity of the world's largest mangrove forest, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina said. Mangroves forests are highly productive and diverse ecosystems, providing a wide range of direct ecosystem services for resident populations. Kunal Yadav Sundarbans Snapshot Presentation Abhishek Das Threats to biodiversity in pakistan In addition, mangroves function as a buffer against frequently occurring cyclones; helping to protect local settlements . The property is of sufficient size to adequately represent its considerably high floral and faunal diversity with all key values included within the boundaries. - Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest of the World. Bangladesh: Sundarbans Biodiversity Conservation Project. Introduction and Background. In her study titled 'Traditional Livelihoods and Survival Crisis: The Politics of Biodiversity Conservation in Sundarban, West Bengal', Amrita Sen notes that there is a thin line separating the inhabitants of these islands from the tag of 'indigenous'. The main forest products of the Sundarbans are Sundari, Pashur, Gewa, Dhundul and Kakra trees. it appears that there is a consistent pattern of depleted biodiversity or loss of species in the 20th century, and that the ecological quality of the forest is declining. Sundarbans Community Community there are 693 species of wildlife which includes; 49 mammals, 59 reptiles, 8 amphibians, 210 white fishes, 24 shrimps, 14 crabs and 43 mollusks species. At a glance of nature observation program of Summer (March-June) Visit to the Sundarbans Visitors can easily move to Kolagachiaeco tourism Center by using local transport and boat to enjoy the mangrove ecosystem and learn the biodiversity of the Sundarbans The regulation of river flows by a series of dams, barrages and embankments for diverting water upstream for various human needs and for flood control has caused large reduction in freshwater inflow and seriously affected the biodiversity because of an increase in . Girdled with thick mangrove foliage, this estuarine delta system offers an excellent nursery ground for most of the brackishwater finfish and shellfish. To protect biodiversity, the forest department is the steward of wildlife and natural resources of the Sundarbans. in the . Approximately 2.5 tion of the forests, their conversion to paddy fields, and million people live in hundreds of small villages very reclamation of land . Conservationists have called the tiger "the guardian of biodiversity," but degradation of tiger habitats has led residents of Bangladesh's Sundarbans mangrove region to regard the animal more as dangerous predator than treasured endangered species. Sediments from rivers and lands are trapped in their roots, protecting shorelines and slowing down erosion. This Study is a collaborative action research activity participated in by community members. This UNESCO World Heritage site is known for its mangroves, coastal forests that serve as a biological buffer between the land and sea. Deadline: 10 April 2021. It explores the nature of the Sundarban Reserve Forest, and the strategies for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use as well as the qualitative perspective of a number of communities - mouals, bawalies, golpata collectors, fishers and Munda living in the Sundarbans Impact Zone with the aim of . Here are five reasons as to why we should protect the Biodiversity of Mangrove Forests- 1. WELCOME TO THE PRESENTATION Biodiversity Of Sundarban and Biodiversity Policy The . December 17, 2018. This chapter depicts the current state of biodiversity in marine and coastal ecosystems in the Sundarbans by incorporating the perspectives and opinions of the TRUs. Sunderbans forests, locally known as Badabon, are one of the richest biodiversity hotspots in India. The Sundarbans is the biggest delta, back water and tidal phenomenon of the region and thus provides diverse habitats for several hundreds of aquatic, terrestrial and amphibian species. http://www.somen2020world.com/ This study explores water quality, density of biomass, species diversity, phytoplankton abundance and bacterial population of a tidal creek in Sunderban estuary . Bangladesh is one of the biodiversity-rich countries in the world having five broad types of ecosystems - coastal and marine ecosystems, inland freshwater ecosystems, terrestrial forest ecosystems, hilly ecosystems, and man-made homestead ecosystems. View Biodiversity of sundarban & polici of bd.ppt from BBA 1200 at Northern University Bangladesh. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit - taka (Tk) At Appraisal At Project Completion August 1998 November 2007 Tk1.00 = $0.0211 $0.0146 $1.00 = Tk47.30 Tk68.64 ABBREVIATIONS ADAB - Association of Development Agencies in Bangladesh SRF is the 1stRamsar site of the country. View Biodiversity and its conservation in Sundarban.docx from GEO 205 at North South University. Unfortunately, by the late 1980s, this amazingly diverse and resource-rich eco-region had Located at the mouth of the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers between India and Bangladesh, its forest and waterways support a wide range of' fauna including a number of species threatened with extinction. The Sundarbans is recognized as the most diverse ecosystem in Bangladesh but experiencing the highest rate of ecosystem loss. The geographical position of Sundarbans makes them vulnerable to tropical cyclones from the Bay of Bengal. This program examines environmental threats to the Sundarbans and studies ways in which its . Natural Coastal Defense The robust root of mangrove trees helps to form a natural barrier against violent storm surges and floods. The Sundarbans is recognised as the most diverse ecosystem in Bangladesh but it is experiencing the highest rate of ecosystem loss. Rampal Effects on Sundarbans and Biodiversity. The Sundarbans is the nursery ground for roughly 90 percent of the aquatic species on the east coast of India; the livelihoods of millions of fisher people are directly dependent on its continued health. Mangrove forests are biologically productive ecosystems and Sundarbans, too, is home to a very rich floral and faunal diversity. Biodiversity loss to some extend is related to environmental degradation. Based on this inventory A. M. Choudhury prepared the management plan of Sundarbans for the period 1960-80. Sundarbans (pronounced / s n d . The Indian Sundarbans, a diversified coastal wetland on the southern fringe of the State of West Bengal, harbors a luxuriant biodiversity and acts as a potential refuge of living marine resources. Increasing poverty due to severe impacts of climate change and unregulated tourism can further affect the biodiversity of Sundarbans. of Sundarbans mangroves and published the report in 1960 which indicated that the average net merchantable volume from trees over 12.7 cm and above, was 53.62 M3per hectare (Forestal 1960). While it supports a sizeable population of wild tigers and other wildlife, it is also an ecologically fragile and climatically vulnerable region that is home to over 4.5 million people. A gang of over 30 jungle pirates are active in tiger killing and illegal fee collection from local forest resource of Sundarbans. The coastal wetlands in Sundarbans, spreading over 10,000 km 2 area across Bangladesh and India, are playing a potential role in ecological balance and local socio-economic improvement. The present study aims to apply a DNA barcoding tool through amplifying two mitochondrial candidate genes i.e., COI and 16S rRNA for accurate identification of fish, aquatic molluscs and crustaceans of Sundarbans mangrove wetland, to build a reference library of fish and shellfishes of this unique ecosystems. Fish landings have been declining for small fishers in the Indian Sundarbans (Photo by Dhruba Dasgupta) Dhruba Dasgupta. However, the team has limited survival resources, minimal logistical support, and security to conduct . Keynote Paper By Dr. Abdul Aziz Professor of Botany University of Dhaka Sundarbans Sundarbans is a deltaic mangrove forest, formed about 7000 years ago by the deposition of sediments from foothills of Himalayas through Ganges river system, West Sundarban by Bhagirati R . 'Sundarbans Day' will be observed on Monday as every year since 2002 with an appeal to save the largest mangrove forest in the world. . & S. K. Maiti, "A comparative study of variations in Mangrove biodiversity at Central and Eastern parts of the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India", American International Journal of Research in Formal, Applied and Natural Sciences, 5(1), Feb. 2014, 27-31. Once you have covered most places and attractions in Kolkata, you need to take out some . Chowdhury, A. The park has an amazing biodiversity of rare and unique plants comprising of 64 species which are well adapted to grow in the saline, estuarine conditions. A total of 185 mitochondrial COI barcode sequences and 59 partial sequences of the . The Sundarbans appears deep green, surrounded to the north by a landscape of agricultural lands, which appear lighter green, towns, which appear tan, and streams, which are blue. Originating in India, the Munda people travelled to Bangladesh around 300 years ago and have been here ever since. WWF-India's mission is to stop the degradation of the planet's natural environment and build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature. This unique ecosystem is famous for the royal Bengal tiger, Gangetic dolphin, and estuarine crocodile.
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